博斯腾湖底栖动物时空分布格局研究

摘要

2010年6月、8月、10月调查了博斯腾湖底栖动物，45个采样点（大湖区39个，小湖区6个）共采集到底栖动物18个种（属）。统计采样数据，结合GPS记录的各采样点的经纬度构建GIS数据库，基于GIS软件进行Kriging插值得到各个月份的数量（密度和生物量）、优势种的分布格局。博斯腾湖大湖区底栖动物年均密度为（80.9±252.1） ind/m2（n＝67），年均生物量为（0.55±1.64） g/m2；小湖区底栖动物年均密度为（173.0±238.0） ind/m2（n＝18），年均生物量为（0.76±1.05） g/m2。从空间分布来看，6月东北部高、西南部低，优势种为羽摇蚊和半折摇蚊；8月湖区中间低、两端高，10月东高西低，优势种均为羽摇蚊和颤蚓。结果显示：博斯腾湖底栖动物的种类较少，种群结构比较简单，数量较低，水平分布差异大，季节变化显著。%Investigation of macrozoobenthos was carried out in Bosten Lake from June 2010 to October 2010.A total of 18 taxa were identified from forty-five sampling sites.Among which, Chironomus plumesus, Chironomus semireductus and tubi-ficid worms were the dominant species.The community composition of macrozoobenthos is simple and the quantity is low.Macrozoobenthos mainly distribute under in 6 meters below the water area.The data were compiled and a GIS database of macrozoobenthos was established.Under the support of GIS software ArcGIS , the GIS database was employed to simulate spacial distribution patterns of parameters of macrozoobenthos.The simulation process was based on the method of Kriging interpolation.The distribution patterns of macrozoobenthos showed that these patterns were relatively high spatial heterogene -ity and seasonality.