长春市市售9种鱼类中重金属含量分析及健康风险评价

摘要

为了解长春市居民日常消费的9种鱼类的重金属污染水平并评估其健康风险, 利用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)法对长春市出售的鲫(Carassius carassius)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)和草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)等9种鱼类中的Pb、 Cd、 Cr、 Zn和Cu 5种重金属进行了检测.采用单因子污染指数法( Pi)、综合污染指数法(MPI)和目标危险系数法(THQ)对其污染程度及食用健康风险进行评价. Pi指数表明: Cu、 Cd、 Cr在各种鱼类中均未出现超标现象, 而9种鱼类肌肉中Pb均呈现不同程度的污染, 乌鳢( Channa argus)、鲶( Loricari-idae)和黄颡鱼(Pseudobagrus fulvidraco)肌肉中的Pb呈重污染水平. MPI结果显示: 不同食性鱼类重金属富集程度有差异, 肉食性和杂食性鱼类重金属污染水平高于草食性鱼类.鱼类的单一和复合重金属健康风险指数均小于1, 长春市市售鱼类食用安全性较好, 对人群健康风险不明显.%Five kinds of heavy metals were estimated from 9 kinds of fishes including Carassius carassius, Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, etc in Changchun markets by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry ( ICP-OES)method to understand the contamination level and the health risk of heavy metals in Changchun residents' daily con-sumption of fish, which including Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu.Single factor pollution index method (Pi), and comprehen-sive pollution index method (MPI)and target hazard quotient method (THQ) were used to evaluate the degree of pollution andassess the edible safety and health risk.Pi indices indicated the concentrations of Cu, Cd and Cr in all species were be-low their limit.All the species were contaminated by Pb and the concentration of Pb in Channa argus, Loricariidae, and Pseudobagrus fulvidraco reached the criteria of "heavy pollution".The MPI results showed that the contamination of heavy metals was more severe in carnivorous and omnivorous fish than that in herbivorous fish.Concentrations of heavy metals in all species were below their acceptable daily upper limit, suggesting human consumption of these Fish species may be safe.With health risk assessment based on the target hazard quotients (THQ) and total THQ, indicating no signi cant ad-verse health effects with consumption.