要素空间溢出能提高农户收入吗?——基于3省649户微观数据的分析

摘要

利用湖南、黑龙江和甘肃3省15个乡镇649户微观数据,通过构建空间交互多层次模型(HLM),分析了农户收入的要素空间交互溢出效应.研究结果表明:教育、劳动力、物质资本和社会资本等要素组内溢出效应对农户收入具有显著的正向影响,劳动力、物质资本和社会资本等要素在乡镇层面的变异显著;“相邻”乡镇的农户收入对其他乡镇农户收入影响具有显著负向效应;乡镇环境要素强化了劳动力、弱化了物质资本和社会资本等要素组内溢出效应的正向影响;乡镇经济要素弱化了劳动力、强化了物质资本和社会资本等要素组内溢出效应的正向影响;劳动力、物质资本和社会资本等要素组内溢出效应与农户收入的关系在乡镇间的变异分别有11.15％、50.06％和88.11％被乡镇环境和经济要素溢出效应变量所解释.%This paper analyzes the elements spatial interaction spillover effects on the differences of regional farmers' income,by constructing multi-level spatial interaction model.It uses 649 micro data of 15 villages in Hunan province,Heilongjiang province and Gansu province.The results show that the elements spatial interaction spillover effects of education,labor,physical capital and social capital within the group have a significant positive influence on the differences of farmers' income.Variation levels of labor,physical capital and social capital factors are obvious in the villages.The farmers' income levels of "adjacent" villages have a significant negative effect on farmers' income level other villages,indicating that elements flow between villages are blocked.Villages environmental element strengthens the positive influence of the labor element spillover to farmers' income levels in the group,and weakens the positive influence of physical capital and social capital elements spillover effects to farmers' income level.Villages' economy element weakens the positive influence of the labor element spillover to farmers' income levels in the group,while strengthens the positive influence of physical capital and social capital elements spillover effects to farmers' income level.The relationship between the spillover effects of labor,physical capital and social capital within the group and farmers' income level in villages is respectively explained by villages environmental element and villages economy element in 11.15％,50.06％ and 11.15％.