为了满足防霉型重组竹的制造需要,在炭化竹束中引入硅、铝、铜、硼等无机物,研究开发了以溶胶凝胶法制备的硅铝溶胶固着铜硼复配防霉剂.采用响应面分析法研究硅铝溶胶、磷酸、硼酸和铜盐4个组分处理炭化竹束并干燥,经热压成重组竹板材,以黑曲霉、绿色木霉、桔青霉3种霉菌的平均防治效力作为防霉性能的评定指标,分析防霉剂各组分对重组竹防霉性能的影响,并优化出重组竹硅铝溶胶防霉剂的制备工艺.结果表明:当硅铝溶胶、磷酸、硼酸和铜盐的较佳质量分数分别为20.78％,3.06％,1.66％和0.99％时,制备的防霉剂对霉菌的防治效力可达到91.75％,显著提高了重组竹的防霉性能,且具有良好的物理力学性能和尺寸稳定性,其中吸水厚度膨胀率可达3.27％,弹性模量为10560.92 MPa,静曲强度为103.06 MPa.通过SEM对重组竹微观形貌观察得出,防霉剂处理前后的重组竹表面结构具有明显的差异性,硅铝溶胶防霉剂在重组竹中形成了不规则的多孔结构,有助于铜和硼的固着.研究结果将为生产防霉型重组竹提供更多选择.%Interest has recently arisen in the development of the anti-mold bamboo products due to their many advanta-ges, such as environmental friendly products, wide applicability and reduced economic losses. Some researchers have explored the introduction of silicon-aluminum inorganic materials into fiber materials with the addition of sol-gel, which is used to prepare anti-mold agent with high efficient mildew resistance and anti-leachability. In the process of bamboo scrimber preparation, the copper boron compound anti-mold agent fixed with silica-alumina sol was intro-duced. This paper is focused on analyzing the effect of four factors including the mass fraction of phosphoric acid, sili-ca-alumina sols, boric acids and copper salts, on the performance of anti-mold of bamboo scrimber by using response surface analysis. The preparation technology of anti-mold was optimized in term of the mean control efficacy of three types of mold included Aspergillus niger V. Tiegh, Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Fr. and Penicillam citrinum Thom. Furthermore, the better mass fractions of raw materials were determined as follows:3.06％ phosphoric acid, 20.78％silica-alumina sol, 1.66％ boric acid and 0.99％ copper salt. The control effect of the bamboo scrimber prepared can reach 91.75％. Apparently, the mildew resistance of bamboo scrimber was significantly increased. It had good me-chanical properties and dimensional stability, such as the thickness swelling rate of water absorption could be as low as 3.27％, the elastic modulus was 10560.92 MPa, and the static bending strength was 103.06 MPa. By using the elec-tronic scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) analysis,it was found that the structure of the bamboo scrimber before and after the anti-mold treatment was obviously different. The irregular porous structure was formed in the bamboo scrimber treated with the anti-mold agent of copper boron compound fixing to silica-alumina sol. It became conductive due to the adding of copper and boron, while the crack and sheet structure weakened mechanical properties slightly. At the same time, the anti-leachability of the bamboo scrimber was improved effectively. Therefore, this methodology provides an effective way to solve the problem of the bamboo scrimber mold.
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