基于SSR标记的父本分析研究油橄榄品种间的亲和性

摘要

[目的]利用SSR标记对油橄榄品种自由授粉的子代进行父本分析,研究品种间的亲和性,确定品种适宜的授粉树,为油橄榄建园品种配置提供依据.[方法]以四川凉山州油橄榄园‘豆果’、‘鄂植8号’和‘九峰4号’3个品种的自由授粉子代为材料,利用12个SSR标记进行父本分析.[结果]每个SSR位点的等位基因数为5～12个,平均9.08个,其中,DCA11和GAPU103A等位基因数(12个)最多.试验群体中的平均观测杂合度为0.732,平均期望杂合度为0.709,平均多态性信息量为0.675.12个SSR标记在95％的置信区间检测出父本的子代163个,占子代群体总数的79.9％,其中,‘豆果’子代44个,‘鄂植8号’47个,‘九峰4号’72个.在36个候选父本中只检测出20个子代,平均繁殖贡献率为5％,其中,大于5％的品种为:‘克罗莱卡’、‘佛奥’、‘城固32’、‘贝拉特’和‘巴尼亚’.3个试验品种所有子代均未发现自交现象.[结论]‘豆果’、‘鄂植8号’和‘九峰4号’均为自交不亲和品种.‘克罗莱卡’和‘佛奥’与‘九峰4号’和‘鄂植8号’的亲和性均较强,‘城固32’和‘贝拉特’与‘豆果’的亲和性较强.在油橄榄建园时,可以选择‘克罗莱卡’和‘佛奥’作为‘鄂植8号’和‘九峰4号’的授粉树,选择‘城固32’和‘贝拉特’可作为‘豆果’的授粉树.%[Objective]To determine the optimal pollen donors by paternity analysis of open-pollinated offspring and lay a foundation for the pollination disposition of olive orchards.[Method] 12 SSR markers were used for the paternity analysis of the open-pollinated offspring of 3 cultivars from Xichang City,Sichuan Province.[Result] The amount of alleles per SSR locus was 5 to 12 with an average of 9.08,and DCA11 and GAPU103A had the maximum alleles (12).The average heterozygosity (Ho) observed was 0.732,the expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.709 and the polymorphism information content was 0.675.163 offspring were identified by 12 SSR markers at 95％ confidence level,accounting for 79.9％ of the total of the offspring.The amount of identified offspring of'Arbequina','EZhi-8'and'Jiufeng-4'was 44,47 and 72 respectively.Only 20 cultivars were identified as pollen donors among the 36 candidate cultivars with the average productive success of 5％,while the cultivars which were more than 5％ were'Koroneiki','Frantoio','Chenggu-32','Berat'and'Barnea'.None of the offspring of the three cultivars were self-pollinated.[Conclusion] The cultivars'Arbequina','EZhi-8'and'Jiufeng-4'are self-incompatible.The cultivars'Koroneiki'and'Frantoio'are compatible with'EZhi-8'and'Jiufeng-4',while 'Chenggu-32'and'Berat'are compatible with'Arbequina'Thus,in a new olive orchard,'EZhi-8'and'Jiufeng-4'can be the optimal pollen donors for'Koroneiki'and'Frantoio',while'Chenggu-32'and'Berat'are the optimal pollen donors for'Arbequina'.