角倍蚜及其寄主植物盐肤木游离氨基酸研究

摘要

[目的]明确角倍蚜、角倍与寄主盐肤木协同生长过程中游离氨基酸变化的营养关系.[方法]用全自动氨基酸分析仪Biochrom30+检测角倍发育初、中、后期的角倍蚜、角倍、有倍叶、无倍叶及无角倍盐肤木叶片(CK)的游离氨基酸含量,分析不同时期各试样游离氨基酸总量(FAA)、昆虫必需氨基酸总量(EAA)、昆虫必需氨基酸总量与检出物质总量比值(EAA/TAA)及几种游离氨基酸含量的变化.[结果]表明:不同时期各试样均检出32种游离氨基酸(包括17种蛋白氨基酸和15种非蛋白氨基酸),2种其他组分(不含氨),其中,游离氨基酸含量从大到小依次为角倍蚜(5.569)>角倍(2.122)>有倍叶(0.560)>无倍叶(0.537)>CK(-0.114).从角倍生长初期至后期,角倍蚜体内必需氨基酸总量呈递增变化,而其他材料EAA/TAA变化幅度从大到小依次为CK(1.73%)>有倍叶(0.52%)=无倍叶(0.52%)>角倍(0.43%)>角倍蚜(0.02%),但角倍蚜EAA/TAA稳定为(27.91±0.01)%,角倍蚜对寄主盐肤木叶片EAA/TAA的变化幅度有显著减缓影响.在角倍生长发育期间,角倍蚜体内精氨酸和苯丙氨酸含量均增加2.93倍;而寄主植物组织中脯氨酸含量发生变化,增幅大小为角倍(0.028)>有倍叶(0.003)>无倍叶(-0.001)>CK(-0.018).[结论]角倍蚜取食盐肤木不会改变寄主盐肤木叶片中游离氨基酸组分,但可使其游离氨基酸含量增加;在角倍生长过程中,盐肤木植株游离氨基酸总量与角倍蚜个体数量和角倍体积的增加趋势基本一致,反映了角倍蚜取食与盐肤木防御之间的平衡.%[Objective]to illustrate the nutrition relationship of free amino acids in aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis, horn gall and host plant Rhus chinensis during their cooperative growth.[Method]The contents of free amino acids in aphid,horn gall,leaf with gall,leaf without gall and CK (leaf on the tree without aphid)were detected by auto-matic amino acid analyzer Biochrom30+,and the total amount of free amino acids (FAA),the content of essential amino acids (EAA),the ratio of EAA/TAA and several free amino acids in the early,middle and later stages of gall growth were analyzed by variance analysis.[Result]All samples in different stages contained the same compo-nents,including 32 free amino acids (17 protein amino acids and 15 non-protein amino acids)and 2 other compo-nents (no ammonia).The concentration of free amino acids (FAA)from big to small was aphid (5 .569 )>horn gall (2.122)>leaf with gall (0.560)>leaf not gall (0.537)>CK (-0.114).The amount of EAA in aphids increased gradually with the generation increasing.The variation range of EAA/TAA from big to small was CK (1. 73%)>leaf with gall (0.52%)=leaf without gall (0.52%)>horn gall (0.43%)>aphid (0.02%).And the EAA/TAA of aphids was stable at 27.91 +0.01%.It indicated that the parasitation of aphid may decrease the variation range of EAA/TAA in the tree significantly.The contents of arginine and phenylalanine in aphids in-creased by 2.93 times during the growth of horn gall,and the content of proline in plant tissues also increased,and its increasing range from big to small was horn gall (0.028)>leaf with gall (0.003)>leaf without gall (-0.001)>CK (-0.018).[Conclusion]The aphid parasitation cannot change the amino acid components in leaves of R. chinensis,but increase the concentrations of free amino acids.The increasing trend of total free amino acids in R. chinensis is almost consistent with the increasing trend of the aphid individual number and horn gall volume during the gall growth process and that may reflect the balance between the aphid feeding and plant defense.