在刑事案件及交通肇事类案件现场经常会出现曲面客体受外力作用后破碎，分离形成数量众多的碎片，由于曲面客体大多结构复杂、物体破碎程度较大、分离体数量较多，一块碎片往往同时需要与其它多块碎片进行整体分离痕迹检验，工作难度极大。为解决该问题，本文尝试对不同种类曲面客体数量众多碎片的整体分离痕迹检验方法进行研究，使用高强度立体足迹提取材料及相关辅助材料，利用灌注或贴敷方法铸造出相应样品物体的内胆模型，以该模型为骨架对物证碎片进行拼接比对。通过对30种不同曲面客体众多数量碎片，在50次不同条件下的整体分离检验鉴定，成功解决了现场碎片的归属及原始物体数量问题，总结出曲面客体铸模整体分离痕迹检验的新方法，并提出了检验鉴定的规范化操作步骤及相关注意事项。%Evidential fragments are often encountered at crime scenes, particularly those involving in motor-vehicle accidents and crime. The objects are often broken from external force, leading to fragmentation. However, due to the complex structure of the object’s surface and the large number of fragments, fitting all the fragments together becomes extremely difficult. Here the fitting methods, implementation steps and operation specifications for reassembly under different circumstances were tested and optimized. Overall separation tests of 30 surface-different objects under 50 various conditions were implemented to identify the fragments and the amount of the original objects. The high-strength materials and their auxiliary for three-dimensional footprint lining extraction were utilized to cast corresponding object’s liner (lining) models by perfusion or adhesion methods. The model, as a framework, was compared with the relevant debris to put them together. The reconstruction of a glass bottle was taken as a specific example to illustrate the test procedure. The new method has proven its practical value for the examination and identification of similar broken trace evidence. The standardized examining steps and related precautions were also proposed.
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