我国临床营养学科的现状与存在问题

摘要

发达国家营养治疗是一种规范的医疗行为，在医疗救治过程中有重要的作用。科学、合理的营养治疗可降低院内感染的发生和减少机械通气时间，有效提高疾病的治愈率、改善临床结局，同时降低药占比及医疗支出、提高床位周转率。而我国临床营养学科定位不清，临床营养学科长期落后于整体医疗水平的发展，成为我国医疗服务“木桶”中的“短板”。再加临床营养人才缺乏，疾病患者的营养诊断、营养评价和营养治疗水平较低，相关政策和法规滞后，以及营养产业规模和技术整体落后，严重影响临床营养学科的发展。解开制约临床营养学科发展的“瓶颈”，已经成为当前提高医疗保障水平的一个十分重要而迫切需要解决的问题。%Nutritional therapy is a standard medical behavior in developed countries and plays an important role in medical treatment process. Scientific and reasonable nutrition therapy can reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infection and the duration of mechanical ventilation, effectively improve the cure rate, improve clinical outcomes, reduce agent and medical expenditure, and increase bed turnover rate. Clinical nutrition discipline positioning was not clear in China, and the clinical nutrition level had fallen behind the overall level of medical development for a long time, so it became medical service cask in short board now. Clinical nutrition discipline development was blocked acutely by some factors, such as the lack of talent of clinical nutrition, nutrition evaluation, nutritional diagnosis and nutritional treatment of low level, relevant policies and regulations lag, as well as the nutril：ion industry scale and technical whole backward. To open the bottleneck of restrict clinical nutrition discipline development had become urgent and important problem to improve level of medical security.