以新鲜芦荟叶为原料,通过单因素和正交试验对芦荟蒽醌类化合物提取工艺中溶剂种类、乙醇浓度、超声波功率、料液比、处理时间等影响因素和提取液的抗氧化活性进行探讨.确定超声波辅助提取芦荟中蒽醌类化合物的最佳工艺条件:鲜芦荟叶打浆,70％乙醇为溶剂,料液比1∶10(m∶V),300W条件下超声处理15 min,芦荟中蒽醌类化合物的提取率达到0.608 mg/g.抗氧化活性试验表明芦荟蒽醌类化合物提取液具有一定的清除DPPH自由基的能力,清除能力与浓度呈较明显的量效关系.高效液相分析表明提取液中含有芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚5种蒽醌类成分.%Extraction technology of aloe anthraquinones was studied by using ultrasonic sound extraction equipment. Effects were investigated, of solvent species, ethanol concentration, ultrasonic sound power, ratio of material to liquid and extraction time on extraction rate of aloe anthraquinones by single factor and orthogonal test. The optimum extraction conditions for aloe anthraquinones were identified as the follows: fresh aloe leaf heating, 70% ethanol (V : V) as solvent, ratio of material to liquid as 1 : 10(V : V), ultrasonic sound power 300 W, extraction time 15min with only one time. The extraction rate of aloe anthraquinones was up to 0. 608mg/g. The an-tioxidant activity of the extract of aloe anthraquinones by ethanol was studied. Results showed that aloe anthraquinones has good scavenging effect to DPPH free radical, and the scavenging activity has obvious dose effect relationship of concentration. And the extract was analyzed by HPLC. There were five anthraquinones such as aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, physcion in the extract.
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