气泡幕对许氏平鲉的阻拦效果研究

摘要

气泡幕可作为海洋牧场鱼群控制的技术手段之一。本研究通过改变气泡幕在水槽中的相对位置和试验许氏平鲉（ Sebastes schlegeli）的密度来观察许氏平鲉的行为反应，运用了观察法、对照试验法和控制变量法探究了气泡幕对不同密度下的许氏平鲉的阻拦效果。结果显示：1）试验鱼20尾时，气泡幕的位置分别设置在矩形水槽长的1／4、1／2和3／4处（鱼的密度为12．52、6．26、4．17尾／m2），阻拦率分别达到了98．2％、88．4％和92．9％，阻拦效果明显。2）气泡幕设置在水槽长度方向的1／2处，试验鱼分别为5尾、10尾、15尾和20尾时，气泡幕阻拦率分别达到了100％、85．7％、100％和88．4％（鱼群密度分别为1．56、3．12、4．69、6．26尾／m2），阻拦效果良好。3）由于阻拦率较高，试验鱼群密度和阻拦效率没有明显的关系。本研究结果可为我国投放许氏平鲉的海洋牧场鱼群控制技术以及取水口拦鱼技术提供参考。%Bubble curtain could be used as one of the fish controlling techniques in sea ranching. In the present study, the behavioral responses of rockfish ( Sebastes schlegeli) were observed by changing the location of the bubble curtain in the water tank and the density of the fish, and the deterrent effectiveness of the bubble curtain on rockfish of different densities was studied using the methods of observation, controlled trials and variable-controlling. Results show that:1) when there were 20 fish in the tank, the bubble curtain was set at the 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of the rectangular tank lengthwise, and the blocking rates were 98.2%, 88.4% and 92. 9%, respectively;2) when the bubble curtain was set at 1/2 of the tank lengthwise, and the experimental fish were of 5, 10, 15 and 20 in number, respectively, the blocking rates correspondingly reached 100%, 85.7%, 100% and 88.4%, and the deterrent effect was good( in which the densities of the rockfish were 1.56, 3.12, 4.69 and 6.26 individuals per square meter respectively);3) no significant relationship between the fish density and the blocking effectiveness was observed due to the high blocking rates. The results provided a reference to the fish controlling technique in sea ranching and the fish blocking technology used in water intake areas.