皱纹盘鲍4个群体与九孔鲍16S rRN A基因遗传差异分析

摘要

The 16S rRNA gene (16S) fragments were amplified in 53 samples of 4 populations of disk aba‐lone H aliotis discus hannai and 1 population of H . diversicolor supertexta ,and 669bp nucleotide se‐quences were used to analyze genetic differentiation among the populations of the abalone .The results showed that 17 haplotypes were detected from 52 16S sequences ,including 13 haplotypes from 4 popula‐tions of disk abalone and 4 haplotypes from 9 samples of H .diversicolor supertexta .The nucleotide se‐quences of the haplotypes revealed that 134 (account for 20 .5% ) polymorphic sites were found in 655 a‐ligned positions with 17 haplotypes .The mean intrapopulation genetic distances based on 16S was 0 .005 in disk abalone (0 .002~0 .011) and 0 .004 in H .diversicolor supertexta ,average 0 .218 between disk abalo‐ne and H .diversicolor supertexta populations .The FST was found to be 0 .892 between disk abalone and H .diversicolor supertexta ,0 .0051~0 .0065 in disk abalone population .Phylogenic analysis of 11 H ali‐otis species showed that both disk abalone and H .discus discus were clustered into single clade;and that H .diversicolor supertexta and H .diversicolor diversicolor clustered into single clade .%采用PCR方法扩增了皱纹盘鲍（4个群体）和九孔鲍（1个群体）共5个群体（53个样本）16S rRNA基因片段（16S），测序获得了1000 bp核苷酸序列，其中669 bp核苷酸序列用于遗传差异分析，旨在评估我国皱纹盘鲍不同群体间及其与九孔鲍间的遗传差异。从52个序列中共检测到17种单倍型，其中皱纹盘鲍4个群体有13种单倍型，九孔鲍1个群体（9个样本）有4种单倍型。单倍型核苷酸序列比对显示，变异位点占比对位点的20．5％，基于单倍型的皱纹盘鲍4个群体间的遗传距离为0．002～0．011，平均为0．005；九孔鲍群体内的平均遗传距离为0．004，两种鲍间的平均遗传距离为0．218；两种鲍间的遗传分化系数 F‐统计量 FST平均为0．982，皱纹盘鲍4群体间的 FST值为0．0051～0．0065。本研究显示2种鲍群体内16S变异很小。系统发育分析鲍属11种鲍的聚类关系，显示皱纹盘鲍与盘鲍、日本鲍交叉聚为一支，九孔鲍与杂色鲍也交叉聚为一支，4个种类未聚成单系支。