星斑川鲽、黄盖鲽和石鲽线粒体基因Cytb 和 CO Ⅰ片段序列的比较研究

摘要

星斑川鲽、钝吻黄盖鲽和石鲽是我国北方重要的经济海水鱼类。为探究这3种鲽科鱼类间的亲缘关系及遗传信息，本文采用了PCR扩增和直接测序的技术，对这3种鲽科鱼类各24尾个体的线粒体基因Cytb和COⅠ进行初步研究。测序得到的序列经人工处理校正后分析，其中Cytb基因片段可用长度为358 bp ，包含58个变异位点，20个转换位点，3个颠换位点；COⅠ基因片段可用长度为559 bp ，包含变异位点56个，转换位点18个，颠换位点3个；Cytb基因片段和COⅠ基因片段均表明黄盖鲽和石鲽具有较高的单倍型多样性与较低的核苷酸多样性，而星斑川鲽具有较低的单倍型多样性和较低的核苷酸多样性。基于Cytb和COⅠ序列的两种系统发育树（邻接法和不加权对群法）均表明3种鲽科鱼类中星斑川鲽与石鲽亲缘关系更近，与黄盖鲽相对较远。鲽科鱼类物种遗传多样性及遗传结构的分析可以为鱼类的保护和管理提供重要的理论依据，为保障我国鲽科鱼类养殖业的健康可持续发展提供理论指导和科学依据。%Flounders Platichthys stellatus ,Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae and Kareius bicoloratus were e‐conomically important marine fish in north China .To evaluate the relationship among the three members in Pleuronectidae and genetic information ,mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene (Cytb) and mitochondri‐al cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰ gene (COⅠ) fragments of the three species(24 individuals in each spe‐cies) were preliminarily studied by PCR amplification and direct sequencing .By analyzing the sequence ob‐tained by manual processing ,we found that the Cytb gene fragment was 358 bp ,which contained 58 varia‐ble sites ,20 transitionsal pairs ,and 3 transversional pairs ,while the available length of the CO Ⅰ gene fragment was 559 bp ,including 56 variable sites ,18 transitionsal pairs and 3 transversional pairs .Analy‐sis of Cytb and COⅠ gene fragments revealed that both P .yokohamae and K .bicoloratus had a high hap‐lotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity w hile P .stellatus had low haplotype diversity and low nucleo‐tide diversity .Two kinds of phylogeny trees (Neighbor‐Joining Tree and UPGMA tree) based on cytb and COⅠ sequences showed that P .stellatus and K .bicoloratusis were closer than P .yokohamae in genetic relationship .Analysis of genetic diversity and genetic structure can provide an important theoretical basis for the conservation and management of fish ,and provide theoretical guidance and scientific basis for the healthy and sustainable development of pleuronectid aquaculture .