在20 L水箱中加入15 L人工污水模拟工厂化循环水养殖系统的生物滤池，采用优势菌种挂膜法，对滤材种类、混合菌液添加比例及接种次数等条件进行了优化，确定了快速挂膜的最佳实验室工作条件。在21 d内对试验水体中的N H＋4、NO3－和NO2－进行了监测。试验结果显示，最优试验条件为使用塑料弹性滤材作为生物膜载体，每7d接种1次优势菌液，硝化细菌∶反硝化细菌∶芽孢菌∶动胶菌添加比例为2∶1∶1∶1，在此条件下，第7d开始形成生物膜，第14d生物膜基本形成，第21d形成均匀完整的生物膜。成熟的生物膜在15d内对水体NH＋4的最大降解量可超过5．00mg／L，即成熟生物膜降解NH＋4的速率为每日降解超过0．50mg／L。当初始NH＋4为5．00～10．00mg／L，成熟生物膜对N H＋4和NO2－的降解能力在15 d内可达到上限。%Fifteen liters of artificial wastewater were added into a 20 L tank to imitate recirculating aqua‐culture system ,and laboratory conditions of rapid biofilm formation were optimized including biofilm carri‐er types ,inoculation proportion and frequency of the mixed functional bacteria .T he concentrations of NH4+ ,NO3- and NO2- in the experimental water were monitored during the rapid biofilm formation .The re‐sults showed that the optimal rapid biofilm formation was found under the conditions of elastic filter as bio‐film carrier ,and feeding dominant bacteria per 7 days with the mixing ratio of nitrobacteria :denitrifying bacteria∶ Bacillus∶ Zoogleae itzigsohn =2∶1∶1∶1 .Under these conditions ,the biofilm was observed on the seventh day ,almost complete on the fourteenth day and mature on the twenty‐first day .The purif‐ying efficiency trial indicated that the maximum removal of NH +4 by mature biofilm was over 5 .00 mg/L within 15 days ,with the maximal NH4-degradation rate of over 0 .50 mg/L per day .The maximal removal of NH+4 and NO2- was found within 15 days at initial NH4+ concentration from 5 .00 mg /L to 10 .00 mg/L .
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