针对舰载旋转机械的水下非接触爆炸冲击动力学响应问题,提出了一种基础冲击转子-轴承系统建模理论.结合牛顿运动定理、动量矩定理和Timoshenko梁理论,推导出了系统动力学微分方程,方程综合考虑了转子的旋转惯性力、剪切力、陀螺效应、轴向力、轴向扭矩以及轴承的油膜力.通过在时间域和空间域分别采用直接积分法和Galerkin有限单元法求解方程,得到了系统冲击响应的时间历程.验证了建模理论的准确性.最后,通过实际工程应用考察了陀螺效应对冲击响应的影响,得到了冲击激励和工作载荷共同作用下的系统响应.得到的结论为:建模理论和计算方法是正确的；陀螺效应对响应的影响不可忽略；工作载荷会增大响应,但考虑工作载荷时的冲击总响应不是工作载荷下稳态响应与不考虑工作载荷时的冲击响应的绝对值相加,两者存在较大差异.%A rotor-bearing system under base-transferred shock excitation was established by applying the Galerkin finite element model to simulate the shipboard rotating machinery subjected to underwater non-contact explosion. Based on the Newton's theorem, moment-of-momentum theorem and Timoshenko beam theory, the dynamic differential equations of this system were derived by synthetically considering the rotating inertia, shear force, gyroscopic effect, axial force, axial torque and oil film force. The dynamic differential equations were solved by using the finite difference methods in the time domain and the finite element method in the space domain, respectively. And the time-varying shock responses of this system were obtained. The accuracy of the proposed model was verified. Finally, an application example was given to analyze the influences of the gyroscopic effect and steady work loading on the shock responses of this system. Investigated results show that the accuracy of the proposed modeling and computation method can meet the engineering requirement and the gyroscopic effect has an obvious influence on the shock responses ; and that the work loading can tone up the system response, but the overall response with the steady work loading being considered is distinct from the sum of the steady response and the shock response without the steady work loading being considered.
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