小儿静脉用药引发的药品不良反应报告及护理对策

摘要

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the adverse drug reactions ( ADR ) induced by pediatric intravenous transfusion and nursing countermeasures .METHODS:The clinical manifestation form of 125 cases of ADR induced by pediatric intravenous transfusion admitted into Xiaogan Municipal Central Hospital ( hereinafter referred to as “our hospital”) from Mar.2013 to Mar.2015 were analyzed, and the related nursing countermeasures were discussed . RESULTS:Of the 125 ADR cases, the primary disease was respiratory disease .The highest incidence of ADR was anti-infection drugs, and digestive system was the main involved organs and (or) systems.The clinical manifestations of ADR cases induced by pediatric intravenous transfusion were closely associated with the categories of drugs and pediatric individual differences , the medical and nursing staff were suppose to strengthen the observation and nursing measures.CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of ADR cases induced by pediatric intravenous transfusion is relatively high.It is necessary for the clinic to attach more importance to this aspect and take the nursing measures during the whole process of administration , so as to reduce the incidence of ADR .%目的：了解小儿静脉用药引发的常见不良反应（adverse drug reaction，ADR）及护理措施。方法：分析孝感市中心医院（以下简称“我院”）2013年3月—2015年3月125例小儿静脉用药引发的ADR临床表现形式，探讨护理对策。结果：在发生ADR的125例患儿中，主要原发性疾病为呼吸系统疾病，ADR发生率最高的药品为抗感染药，主要累及器官和（或）系统为消化系统。小儿静脉用药ADR的发生及其临床表现形式与药物的种类、儿童个体差异密切相关，要求医、护人员加强观察，并做好护理措施。结论：儿童在进行药物静脉用药时容易发生 ADR，需引起临床重视，采取给药前、给药中以及给药后全程护理措施，以降低ADR的发生率。