城市热岛效应与景观格局相关性研究

摘要

The change of urban underlying surface and the increase man-made heat are the main reasons for urban island effect. Research on the urban heat island has important significance on the ecological process of urban landscape and urban spatial structure;and urban heat island effect is closed linked with landscape pattern. Remote sensing, geographic information together with the landscape ecology have formed unique researching mode on the urban landscape pattern in large-scale. Method of inver-sion of satellite remote sensing plays adecisive role in the urban thermal environment, because the dynamic monitoring and internal structural analysis on the urban heat island effect have been realized with the help of it. Research on the correlation between the urban heat island and landscape pattern is always turned into the research on problems about surface temperature and land cover/use, in which landscape pattern index is a very important researching method. However, some problems are not clarified such as boundary ambiguity, manifestation ambiguity, lower sensitivity and unclear ecological significance. Finally some suggestions are given for the difficulties of such researches.%城市下垫面的改变和人为热的增加是加剧热岛效应的重要原因,研究城市热岛效应对揭示城市景观的生态过程、城市空间结构的调整都有重要的指导意义,城市热岛效应与景观格局息息相关.遥感、地理信息系统与景观生态学理论共同形成了对大尺度城市空间格局独具特色的研究模式.卫星遥感数据反演法在城市热环境研究中具有举足轻重的地位,它实现了城市热岛效应的动态监测和内部结构分析.城市热岛与景观格局的相关研究往往转化为地表温度与土地覆盖/利用的相关研究,景观格局指数分析法是其重要研究方法,但仍存在界限不清、表现不敏感、生态学意义不明等问题,最后针对此类研究的重点难点提出建议.