韩国地表水水质标准研究与启示

摘要

The current Surface Water Quality Standard (SWQS) in South Korea consists of two parts. The method of risk assessment were taken to derive the water quality standards of toxic substances, and the approach of the derivation of water quality was improved refer to the formula of U.S. EPA water quality criteria derivation. Based on the current water quality criteria, the South Korean Ministry of Environment planed to expand the items of SWQS to 30 kinds of chemical substances in 2015. Ecological risk criteria were also derived and they would be incorporated in the SWQS in the near future. It will promote the establishment and perfect of SWQS in China.%韩国现行地表水水质标准由保护人体健康的水质标准和保护生态环境的水质标准两部分组成.采用风险评价的方法制定有毒物质的水质标准,并根据美国EPA推导环境水质基准的公式,对制定水质基准的方法进行了改进.韩国环境部计划于2015年将水质标准扩展到30种化学物质,同时将推导得出的生态风险基准纳入水质标准,旨在推进我国地表水水质标准的制订与完善.