缓释促生剂的制备及其河道水氨氮脱除效能

摘要

针对生物促生剂储存困难、投加频繁等关键问题,在优化其配方的基础上,采用溶剂挥发法将生物促生剂和遴选的骨架材料进行复合,制备缓释促生剂,并进行了释放性能和生物脱氮的测试.结果表明,最佳的生物促生剂配方为改性活性炭20 mg/L、维生素与微量元素混合液1 mL/L、芦荟萃取物10 mg/L、螯合剂B 10 mg/L.聚乳酸(PLA)的降解速率较聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)和聚己内酯(PCL)低,且价格低廉,更适宜作为缓释促生剂的骨架材料.缓释促生剂中 PLA 质量分数在30% ~70% 时,生物促生剂释放周期可达到15 d以上.综合生物促生剂的释放周期和氨氮去除效果考虑,PLA 最佳质量分数为40%.%To conquer the difficulty of storage and frequent dosing of bio-energizers,solvent evaporation method was used to synthesize the bio-energizers with optimal formula and the selected skeletal materials to develop slow-release bio-energizers.The release performance and biological denitrification efficiency of the slow-release bio-energizers were studied further.The effects proved the optimal formula of bio-energizer composed of modified activated carbon 20 mg/L,mixed liquor of vitamin and microelement 1 mL/L,aloe extract 10 mg/L and chelating agent B 10 mg/L.Compared with polyhydroxyalkanoate(PHA)and polycaprolactone(PCL),polylactic acid(PLA) was more suitable as skeletal material of sustained slow-release bio-energizer,due to its low degradation rate and cost. When the mass ratio of PLA was 30%-70%,the release period of bio-energizers could be upwards to more than 15 d. 40% PLA could be the best choice,considering the releasing cycle and the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency.