Microstructure, particular type and heavy metals of inhalable participate matters from oil-fired plant and coal-fired plant were studied. Results show global particulates are dormant in inhalable participate matters from coal-fired plant. Shapes of inhalable participate matters from oil-fired plant are composed of flocfloccule and similarity to global particulates in fly ash from coal combustion. According to chemical composition of inhalable particulate matters, two particular types of inhalable paniculate matters were found in oil-fired plant, namely, aluminosilicate and Ca-aluminosilicate; Five particular types of inhalable particulate matters were found in coal-fired plant, namely, silicon, aluminosilicate,ferruginous, Fe-aluminosilicate and calcium. Contents of Pb and Cd in fly ash from oil-fired plant are higher than coal-fired plant, however the contents of As, Se, Cr, Be, U and Th in fly ash from oil-fired plant are lower than coal-fired plant. Contents of heavy metals increases with the reduction of granularity in fly ash from coal-fired plant.%分别对燃烧重油与烟煤两个电厂排放可吸入颗粒物的显微结构、颗粒类型及重金属在可吸入颗粒物中分布特征进行研究.研究表明,燃煤电厂排放可吸入颗粒物的形态都以球形颗粒为主,而燃油电厂排放可吸入颗粒物由一些絮状物和类似于燃煤飞灰中球形颗粒组成.根据可吸入颗粒物的化学组成,发现燃油电厂排放可吸入颗粒物的颗粒类型有硅铝质和钙-硅铝质两种；燃煤电厂排放的可吸入颗粒物类型有硅质、硅铝质、铁质、铁-硅铝质和钙质5种.燃油电厂飞灰中铅和镉的含量高于燃煤电厂飞灰外,其它元素包括砷、硒、铬、铍、铀和钍在燃油电厂飞灰中的含量均低于燃煤电厂飞灰；在燃煤电厂飞灰中,随着飞灰粒径的减小,重金属含量呈现逐渐增加的趋势.
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