北京市周边地区河道污染现状分析

摘要

北京市周边水环境污染日益严重,已经成为遏制本地区经济和社会发展的瓶颈.通过详细调查北京市周边地区主要河流的水质状况,从时间、空间的角度分析了河流水质的变化规律.分析发现:(1)污水收集管网的雨污合流以及初雨带来的面源污染严重影响了丰水期的水质,故丰水期的水质较枯水期差.(2)北京奥运会之后,许多关闭的企业相继开张排放污水,导致河流水质迅速变差,另外奥运旅游转为农家乐休闲自助游,也带来了较为严重的水质污染.(3)10个监测点的水质状况不达标率超过60%,已经成为河道水质治理和改善的重点关注对象.研究表明,河流非点源污染对河流水质影响日显突出;点源污染与产业结构及发展模式具有非常重要的正相关性,故合理调整该地区的产业结构和发展模式已势在必行.%The increasingly serious water pollution surrounding Beijing have become instruments and bottleneck to control the region's economic and social development. The water quality of major rivers of one district in Beijing was investigated in this paper. From the time and space, the point of view of the river water quality was studied. Analysis found that: ( 1 ) Sewage collection pipe network caused by convergence of stormwater pollution and, as well as the beginning of the rain-point source pollution has seriously affected the water quality of the wet period. So the water quality of the wet period was worse than the dry season. (2) After Beijing Olympic Games, many closed businesses opened and brought more sewage. And the rapid deterioration of water quality was leaded to. In addition, the tourism industry from the Olympic travel to the Farm Leisure travel had also brought more serious water pollution. (3) The water quality should be payed more attention because more than 60％ of 10 water quality monitoring points was unqualified. Studies had shown that the impact of non-point source pollution on water quality became more obvious day by day. The point source pollution and industrial structure and development model had a very important positive correlation. So it is inescapable to effectively adjust the industrial structure and the mode of development of the region.