城市区域水污染物排放核查方法与案例研究

摘要

Urban water pollutant effluent information is the basis of decision-making and management for water environmental protection. The externality in the process of urban water pollution control increases the risk of information distortion, which requires to verify information of urban water pollutant effluent. Using high-quality data based on environmental monitoring to check low-quality data based on environmental statistic declaration and coefficient of sewage, this study verifies the indicator of river pollution load and develops verification technique for urban water pollutant effluent. Empirical study shows that the river COD load based on environmental statistics is significantly lower. Proposals have been made to take river pollution load as core indicator, to establish monitoring system for river outfall, and to establish technical specifications to implement regional pollutant effluent verification.%城市水污染物排放信息是城市水环境保护决策和管理的依据,但城市水污染控制的外部性使城市水污染物排放信息产生失真风险,需要对城市区域水污染物排放信息核查.通过高质量数据对低质量数据的核查,用基于监测的水污染物入河量数据核查基于环境统计申报与排污系数的水污染物入河量数据,完善了城市区域水污染物排放核查方法.案例分析结果显示,环境统计COD入河排放量明显偏小.建议水污染物排放统计以入河量为核心,建立入河排污口监测体系,编制核查技术规范,实施区域污染物排放核查.