微波消解法测定铅锌冶炼厂废旧除尘布袋及其飞灰中重金属的应用研究

摘要

FAAS was used to determine the total content and fractions of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,Ni,Cd in the waste bag duster and fly ash from a Pb & Zn smeltery. The stoving samples were dissolved in HNO3-H2O,-HF and then extracted with Community Bureau of Reference( BCR) three-step method. The results showed that the contents of the heavy metals in the waste bag duster and fly ash exceeded the third class standard of The Soil Environmental Quality Standard. Heavy metals contents in the fly ash had different species. Ni was mainly in residual and exchangeable fractions. Cu & Pb were mainly in the state of residual species. The four species of Zn were even distributed,Cd and Zn had higher potential transformation and environmental risk.%以广东某铅锌冶炼厂的废旧除尘布袋及其布袋上的飞灰为实验材料,以HNO3-H2O2-HF对布袋及飞灰进行微波全量消解,采用BCR三步浸提法提取飞灰中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni、Cd 6种重金属,并利用火焰原子吸收仪器检测布袋及飞灰中6种重金属的含量及飞灰中各形态含量.结果表明,铅锌冶炼厂废旧布袋和飞灰中重金属含量较高,远大于《国家土壤环境质量标准》 (GB 15168-1995)三级标准值.不同重金属在飞灰中的形态分布差异较大,Ni主要以残渣态和酸可交换态为主,Cu和Pb以残渣态为主,Zn的4种形态分布都较均匀,Cd、Zn潜在的迁移性最强.