基于改性不锈钢丝网的油水分离装置设计

摘要

To solve the problem of marine oil spills,a oil-water separation device——floating well was designed in this study,it had the special wetting surface.The main body of floating well was designed to be the shape of inverted round table,it had good self-floating performance in the sea.The oil-water separation part of floating well adopted modified stainless steel wire mesh.Firstly,the stainless steel wire mesh was soaked in CuSO4 solution to construct a rough surface,and then soaked in octadecanoic acid to reduce surface energy.Finally,modified wire mesh had a characteristic of super-hydrophobic and superoleophilic.Oil flowed into the container because of surface tension and gravity,but water was blocked off by wire mesh.Thus,oil-water separation was realized.In the process,the modified stainless steel wire mesh could be used repeatedly.It had good performance on resistance to static and dynamic water pressure.In addition,power installation had be designed to make the floating well to vibrate,it greatly improved the rate of oil-water separation.%为解决海上浮油问题,设计了1个具有特殊浸润性表面的油水分离装置——浮井.该装置主体采用倒圆台形状,可以很好地自浮于海面.装置的油水分离部位采用改性后的不锈钢丝网.先将不锈钢丝网浸泡在CuSO4溶液中构造粗糙表面,随后浸泡在十八烷酸中降低表面能,改性后,丝网表面呈现超疏水、超亲油特性.油在表面张力和重力的共同作用下流进装置储油腔中,而水则被丝网挡在外面,进而实现油水分离.在油水分离过程中,改性后的不锈钢丝网可以重复使用多次,耐静态水压和动态水压方面也有良好的表现.同时设计了可以使浮井振荡的动力装置,从而大大地提高了油水分离速率.