建立国家公园体制是对我国现行自然保护地体系和管理体制的重大改革,根本目的是为了解决我国自然保护地建设和管理中长期存在的范围交叉重叠、多部门多管理目标影响保护效率、保护与开发利用矛盾日益突出等主要问题.本文从生态系统的整体性保护出发,结合我国国情,参照国际经验,认为建立国家公园体制,首先要构建以自然保护区和国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系,由国家公园主导、科学规划国家公园建设重点区域和规模.同时,建议适时与"大部制"改革相结合,由一个部门负责国家公园管理,统一行使国家公园范围内自然资源资产管理,由另一个部门负责国家公园内自然资源监管、生态保护等职能,实现国家公园和自然保护地统一管理.%The establishment of the national park system is a great reform of Chinese current natural resources protection system and management system,which primarily aims at solving some main long-standing issues,like overlapping scopes,low protective efficiency caused by multi-sectors and multi-objectives,and the increasingly prominent contradictions between protection and exploitation during the construction and management of natural reserves in China Based on the integrated protection of the ecosystem and with the reference to Chinese national conditions and international experience,the first task for the establishment of the national park system is to create the protected natural area system composed mainly of natural reserves and national parks,which is dominated by national parks for scientific planning of the key areas and the scale of national parks In the meantime,to achieve unified management of national parks and protected natural areas,we suggest to set up two departments duly in combination with super-ministry system reform One department is responsible for administration of national parks and unified control of the natural resources assets while the other one is responsible for regulation of the natural resources and ecological protection.
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