无卤阻燃聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯的研究

摘要

使用无卤磷系阻燃剂二乙基次膦酸铝(ADP)和氮系阻燃剂三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)作为阻燃剂,马来酸酐接枝聚烯烃弹性体(POE-g-MAH)为增韧剂,对聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)进行阻燃改性,分别研究两种不同体系阻燃剂对PTT阻燃性能和力学性能的影响,并通过热失重(TG)分析仪、差示扫描量热(DSC)仪,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其阻燃机理进行研究.实验结果表明,添加质量分数10%的ADP时,阻燃PTT达到V–0级,极限氧指数(LOI)达到30.0%,ADP主要在凝聚相中发挥阻燃作用;添加质量分数20%的MCA时,阻燃PTT达到V–0级,LOI达到24.9%,MCA主要在气相中发挥阻燃作用;ADP与MCA的加入都降低了阻燃PTT的综合力学性能.TG和DSC测试结果说明,ADP与PTT间的相容性良好,可以有效地促进PTT成炭并提高材料的阻燃性能;MCA与PTT间的相容性较差,且MCA对PTT成炭没有影响.添加质量分数5%的ADP和10%的MCA时,阻燃PTT达到V–0级,LOI达到26.9%,说明ADP与MCA具有协效阻燃作用.%The use of halogen-free phosphorus flame retardant two ethyl aluminum phosphinate (ADP) and nitrogen flame retardant melamine cyanuric acid (MCA) as the flame retardant,maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer (POE) as toughening agent to flame retardant modification of poly (trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT),the effects of two kinds of flame retardants on flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PTT were studied respectively. The flame retardant mechanism was studied by thermogravi-metric (TG) analysis,differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Experimental results show that,when the mass fraction of ADP is increased by 10%,the flame retardant PTT reaches V–0 level,LOI reaches 30.0%,ADP mainly in the condensed phase plays the role of flame retardant. When the mass fraction of MCA is increased by 20%,the flame retardant PTT reaches V–0 level,LOI reaches 24.9%,MCA mainly in the gas phase plays the role of flame retardant. The addition of ADP and MCA reduce the mechanical properties of PTT. TG and DSC test results show that,the compatibility between ADP and PTT is good,it can effectively promote the PTT into carbon and improve the flame retardant properties of the material. Poor compat-ibility between MCA and PTT,and MCA has no effect on PTT carbon formation. When adding mass fraction of 5% ADP and 10%MCA,the flame retardant PTT reaches V–0 level,LOI reaches 26.9%,the results show that ADP and MCA have synergistic flame retardant effect.