基于复合控制的塔式太阳能跟踪控制装置设计

摘要

针对塔式太阳能热发电站中定日镜跟踪装置的跟踪精度不高、构建成本较大等问题,提出采用将遗传算法的选择机制与吸热塔能量变化的反馈机制相结合的方式对光热电站的太阳能跟踪控制系统进行改进.在光热电站的少数几台定日镜上配备光电检测元件,并以其控制角度为基准控制其他定日镜的角度调整.采用DSP(digital signal processing)为控制核心,完成了跟踪控制器的通讯框架及控制系统的硬件电路设计.实验表明,该方案在保证光热电站整体控制精度的基础上,减少了光电检测元件安装数量和电站构建成本,并保证了视日轨迹跟踪控制时的自动调整能力.%With the problems of low tracking accuracy and high construction cost of the heliostat tracker in the solar thermal power tower,the combination of the selection mechanism of genetic algorithm and the feedback mechanism of energy changes in the heat absorption tower was proposed to improve the tracking controller.Optoelectronic sensors were equipped in a few of heliostats.Based on these heliostat control angles,the angles of the other heliostats were adjusted.The communication framework and the circuit of tracking controller were designed using DSP as the control core.Experimental results showed that the proposed solar tracking controller could reduce the number of optoelectronic sensor and the construction cost of solar thermal power plant without reducing the overall control precision of the solar thermal power tower.At the same time,the control system had the ability of automatic adjustment when its tracking control depended on the trajectory of the sun.