The objective of this study is to evaluate the gains in a drop-in process of refrigerants in a basic refrigeration system usingthe RSM （response surface methodology） to optimization. A central composite design and analysis of variance are also used. Inaddition, the model will be analyzed and compared to experimental results, consolidating various parameters to get the best regionsin a broad universe of options, with a reduced number of experiments. The RSM is a set of statistical tool, which describes the entireregion of interest through experimental specific points, by appropriate polynomial equation. The experimental results were extractedfrom a cooling test bench compound for a reciprocating compressor, evaporator, condenser and expansion valve. R22, R290, R1270,R438A, R404A, R134a, R410A and R32 were tested at the same experimental apparatus, the lubricating oil was replaced in somecases. The higher value of coefficient of performance and cooling capacity were investigated. The results obtained with the responsesurface methodology technique showed good agreement with the experimental work, （coefficient of determination exceeding 0.8）which indicates, good representation of the output variables of the cooling system. The tested optimization tools were able to identifyareas of maximum, allowing for better comparison of results obtained by different refrigerants.
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