钢铁件阴极电解除油用表面活性剂的筛选

摘要

通过对20余种表面活性剂的浊点、泡沫性能、HLB值、化学需氧量(CODcr)、表面张力及除油率的测定,选出聚醚磺酸盐(DLL)、烷基糖苷(CAL)和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚9(AEO-9)用于钢铁件阴极电解除油,其最佳用量分别为4、3和4g/L.以该表面活性剂配方加上无水碳酸钾10 g/L、多聚磷酸钠10gL和五水偏硅酸钠5gL配制而成的除油液在温度60～70℃、电流密度2 A/dm2、除油时间10s的条件下使用,具有除油效率高、低泡、环保等特点.%Based on the evaluation of cloud point,foamability,HLB value,CODcr,surface tension and oil removal rate of more than twenty surfactants,polyether sulfonate (DLL),alkyl glycoside (CAL) and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 9 (AEO-9) were selected for cathodic electro-degreasing of iron and steel parts and their optimal dosages were determined to be 4,3 and 4 g/L,respectively.The degreasing bath comprising the said surfactants as well as anhydrous potassium carbonate 10 g/L,sodium polyphosphate 10 g/L and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate 5 g/L features high oil removal rate,low foam and environmentally friendly when being used at temperature 60-70 ℃ and current density 2 A/dm2 for 10 s.