基于经纬度计算的太阳自动跟踪系统

摘要

介绍一种基于经纬度计算的太阳跟踪光伏发电控制器的设计与实现.这种新型控制器通过驱动2个直流电机实现光伏电池在水平、竖直2个方向同时自动地跟踪太阳,使其平面时刻与太阳光保持垂直,最大限度地接收太阳光.在实现自动跟踪的过程中,为克服传统光线跟踪带来的动态响应慢、稳态振荡,以及在环境突变条件下出现的跟踪错误等缺点,提出一种基于编码器和经纬度计算的跟踪方法.实验结果表明,这种跟踪技术可以提高光伏电池发电效率30％左右.%The design and implementation of a novel photovoltaic(PV) power generation controller based on the latitude and longitude information were proposed to improve the power generation efficiency. The controller tracks the solar power automatically by driving two DC motors in both horizontal and vertical axes. The PV array is almost always perpendicular to the sun during the daytime to maximize the generation. The drawbacks of the classical ray tracing method, such as slow response speed, oscillation in steady state and tracking error under rapidly changing of atmospheric conditions, were overcome by the proposed method. Experimental results show that the power generation efficiency of die PV array can be improved by about 30% with the new solar tracking method.