市场环境下计及多主体收益的分布式电源优化配置和定价决策方法

摘要

伴随着市场化的进程,分布式电源(distributed generation,DG)业主和配网运营商将分化为2个不同的利益主体,这使得DG优化配置问题由传统的优化问题向多主体博弈问题转变.而在电价管制逐渐放开的背景下,价格和利益信号将成为引导博弈双方优化决策的主要途径.将市场环境下DG业主和配电网运营商的博弈问题整合为一个双层规划问题,将下层问题中的二阶变量线性化之后,利用强对偶原理将双层规划问题整合为一个单层混合整数非线性优化问题(mixed integer non-linear programming,MINLP),并运用改进PSO算法进行求解,得到系统的合同电价和分布式电源选址情况.算例表明,相较于现行的标杆电价,所建模型优化得到的系统合同电价能够同时提升DG业主和配电网运营商的经济效益;同时,市场化的定价能够有效引导分布式电源的规划配置和系统的购电和运行,获得较之当前更优的决策方案和综合效益.%With the process of marketization,distributed generation (DG) owner and distribution network operator tend to polarize into two different shareholders,which will make the problem of optimal allocation of DG change from the traditional optimization problem to the multi agent game problem.Under the background of the gradual deregulation of electricity price,the price and interest will become the main way to guide the two sides of the game.This paper integrates the game between DG owner and distribution network operator into a bi-level programming problem.After linearizing quadratic variables in the lower-level problem,the bi-level problem is integrated into a single layer mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) problem based on strong duality principle.By using an improved PSO algorithm to solve the problem,the contract price and the location of DG are obtained.The case study shows that,compared with the benchmark price practicing currently,the contract price obtained by the proposed model can improve the economic benefits of both DG owner and distribution network operator at the same time.Besides,the market pricing can effectively guide the planning and allocation of DG,and purchase and operation of the system operator,so as to obtain a better decision and comprehensive benefit.