电动汽车永磁无刷轮毂电机磁场定向控制

摘要

永磁无刷轮毂电机通常具有接近正弦波形的反电势,适合采用正弦波电流驱动.基于霍尔位置传感器的磁场定向控制应用于此种电机,具有效率高,转矩脉动小等优点.在电动汽车轮毂电机直接驱动应用中,要求避免出现较大的瞬态转矩以及抑制转矩脉动,通过增加前馈控制可有效抑制瞬态较大的转矩的出现,增加死区补偿可有效改善转矩脉动.试验结果表明,基于前馈和增加死区补偿的磁场定向控制应用在电动汽车永磁无刷轮毂电机控制中具有更好的控制效果,消除了瞬时转矩较大变化引起的不平顺,减小了稳态转矩脉动产生的驾驶室噪声.%The back electromotive force (EMF) waveform of permanent magnet brushless hub motor is u-sually nearly sinusoidal, which is suitable for sinusoidal current control. The field oriented control (FOC) based on Hall-effect sensor is applied in the hub motor in this paper, which can achieve high efficiency and low torque ripple. In the electric vehicle application, it is required to avoid large transient torque change and realize small steady-state torque ripple. The large transient torque change can be eliminated by feed-forward control and the steady-state torque ripple can be improved by dead-time compensation. The experimental results show that the field oriented control with feedforward control eliminates the vehicle irregularity and the cab noise is reduced by dead-time compensation.