大地电场观测中干扰变化的特征分析

摘要

Based on 5 typical interference factors in geoelectric observation in Yunnan,such as stray current changers,rainfall,lightening,construction around filed and unstable eldctrode,We mainly analyse and summarize the characteristics of the morphological change,compare results between long and short electric dipoles,and the power spectrum during the disturbance.The results show that the data of geoelectric observation have their own characteristics on the form and processes caused by different interferences.The form,amplitude and direction of the interference are inconsistent in the same direction between length and short electric dipoles.Spectral analysis shows that same interference sources at different times of the influence of observational data are in almost consistent way,but different in effect with the strength of the interference.%针对云南省地电场观测中常见的路灯漏电、雷电及降雨3种典型干扰因素,分别讨论了干扰变化的形态特征、功率谱分析结果、干扰产生的过程和机理以及地电场地架设时的注意事项,最后阐述了干扰识别的原理和依据,得到以下认识:路灯漏电引起的干扰变化以阶跃型周期变化为主要形态,变化幅度主要受漏电产生的入地电流强度和土壤介质导电性能的影响;雷电引起的干扰变化以典型的大幅畸变为主要形态,主要与放电场强和雷区距离有关;降雨引起的干扰变化以大幅上升或下降为主要形态,持续过程与降雨量和电极自身性能有较大关系.