岩溶动力系统中的生物作用机理初探

摘要

Karst dynamic system is an important part in earth surfacesystem. Moreover, biological action is one of the most active geological agents in earth surface system. Therefore, organisms play an important role in karst dynamic system as follows: firstly, on the interface between bio- and atmosphere, through photosynthesis of plant and secretion by plant and animal, atmospheric CO2 was continuously transferred to carbonate rock in geological era, and now the carbonate rock is the matter basis of karst development and the largest carbon pool in the world; Secondly, on the interface between bio- and hydrosphere, biological environments strongly impact the strength and direction of water cycle, furthermore,karst process is influenced; Thirdly, on the interface between bio- and lithosphere, through the biophysical and biochemical processes, plants could colonize and live on the subsurface of carbonate rocks. The carbonate rock lithosphere is activated during the biological metabolism, and make closely connected with the global carbon cycle.%岩溶动力系统是地球表层系统的重要组成部分。生物是地球表层系统中最活跃的地质营力之一，它在岩溶动力系统中扮演着重要的角色。地质历史时期，生物圈大气圈界面上，生物通过植物的光合同化、动植物分泌，使大气圈中的CO2不断转移到碳酸盐岩中，形成岩溶发育的物质基础，并成为全球最大的碳库；生物圈水圈界面上，生物形成的生物（微）环境改变了水循环的强度和方向，并影响岩溶发育；生物圈岩石圈界面上，生物通过生物物理、生物化学过程，殖居碳酸盐岩之上，并以之为生存依托，生物的新陈代谢过程使碳酸盐岩岩石圈活化，使其积极参与全球碳循环。