OBJECTIVE:Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)infection is still global health issue,and lack of vaccine furthers the devastating effect.The treatment regimen is challenged by the development of resistance,thus increase the mutation and dissemination of resistance genes across the globe.This work aims to assess the nature of HIV-1 subtypes and mutations from HIV-1 positive patients who are drug-inexperienced.METHODS:The analysis of 103 new positive cases of HIV-1 involved in the study.Drug-resistant mutations,HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms(CRFs)were assessed as per World Health Organization(2009)list of monitoring drugresistant mutation.RESULTS:The results revealed that subtype B was dominant 58(56.3%),compared to non-subtype B 34(33%)and CRF 11(10.7%).The occurrence of HIV-1 drug resistance for Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs),Non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs),and Protease inhibitors(PIs)were 7.8%(8/103),22.3%(23/103)and 1%(1/103)respectively and the patients had the following primary antiretroviral drug resistance mutations to NRTI,3A62V(2.9%),2 M41L(1.9%),1 F77L(1%),1 K70KR(1%),and 1 T215S(1%).In the NNRTI,13 E138A(12.6%),3 E138G(2.9%),3 K103N(2.9%),2V179D(1.9),1 K103KN(1%)and 1K103T(1%)mutations were found.While in the PI drug,1 L24LI(1%)drug resistance mutations were found.CONCLUSION:Primary drug-resistant mutations in antiretroviral therapy(ART)naive subjects were found and the information in turn will contribute to the global data collection and treatment plan of HIV-1 patients.
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