School of Environment and Energy,State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou,510006,PR China;
School of Materials Science and Physics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,221116,PR China;
Graduate School of Environmental Studies,Tohoku University,Sendai,980-8577,Japan;
Solid oxide cells; Ni-based electrodes; Carbon coking; Surface engineering;