Institute of Desert Control Science and Engineering;
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University;
Hohhot 010018;
China;
Key Laboratory of State Forest Administration for Desert Ecosystem Protection and Restoration;
Hohhot 010018;
China;
Inner Mongolia Hangjin Desert Ecological Research Station;
Erdos 017400;
China;
Experimental Center of Desert Forestry;
Chinese Academy of Forestry;
Dengkou 015200;
China;
nebkhas; ecological stoichiometry; ecological adaptability; successional stages; arid area;