Salvia ceratophylla L. from South of Jordan: new insights on chemical composition and biological activities

摘要

In Jordan,Salvia ceratophylla L.is traditionally used in the treatment of cancer,microbial infections,and urinary disorders.This study aimed:(1)to chemically characterize S.ceratophylla essential oil(EO)from South Jordan,by gas chromatography(GC)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS);and(2)to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxic,anti-inflammatory,and antiprotozoal activities of the EO,it’s predominant components,and the hexane(A),ethyl acetate(B),methanol(C)and crude-methanol extracts(D).The analysis revealed that the EO has 71 compounds,with linalool(54.8%)as main constitu-ent.Only the hexane extract(A)showed some cytotoxic activity against SK-MEL,KB,BT-549,SK-OV-3,LLC-PK1 and VERO cells lines with IC50 between 60 and>100μg/mL.The EO inhibited NO production(IC5090μg/mL)and NF-κB activity(IC5038μg/mL).The extracts A,B,and D inhibited NO production and NF-κB activity with IC50 between 32 and 150μg/mL.Linalool considerably inhibited NO production(IC5018μg/mL).The extracts tested did not exhibit antileish-manial activity.Regarding antitrypanosomal activity,the EO exhibited significant results with IC502.65μg/mL.In conclu-sion,Jordan S.ceratophylla EO represents a rich source of linalool and bears a promising therapeutic potential for further antitrypanosomal drug development.