In this paper, a new technique is proposed for automatic segmentation of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions from brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The technique uses textural features to describe the blocks of each MRI slice along with position and neighborhood features. A trained support vector machine (SVM) is used to discriminate between the blocks in regions of MS lesions and the blocks in non-MS lesion regions based on mainly the textural features with aid of the other features. The MRI slice blocks’ classification is used to provide an initial segmentation. A comprehensive post processing module is then utilized to refine and improve the quality of the initial segmentation. The main contribution of the proposed technique described in this paper is the use of textural features to detect MS lesions in a fully automated process without the need to manually define regions of interest (ROIs). In addition, the post processing module is generic enough to be applied to the results of any other MS segmentation technique to improve the segmentation quality. This technique is evaluated using ten real MRI data-sets with 10% used in the training of the textural-based SVM. The average results for the performance evaluation of the presented technique were 0.79 for dice similarity, 0.68 for sensitivity and 0.9 for the percentage of the detected lesion load. These results indicate that the proposed method would be useful in clinical practice for the detection of MS lesions from MRI.
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