Department of Computer Science of Computer Engineering and Sciences Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Arabia;
Data Engineering and Semantics Research Unit of Sciences of Sfax of Sfax;
Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence of Computer Science and Engineering of Jeddah Arabia;
Department of Mathematics and Business Intelligence of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering of Sfax of Sfax;
Unmanned aerial vehicles; periodic crowd-tracking problem; open crowded area; optimization; binary linear programming; crowd management and analysis system;