炼油行业空冷器防腐蚀的CFD研究进展

摘要

The status-quo of air coolers corrosion is introduced, and main causes of corrosion of air coolers are analyzed. The corrosions are mainly the corrosion of low - temperature HC1 - H2 S - H20 corrosion in which HC1 corrosion dominates and the corrosion by fluid impingement erosion. The research of air coolers corrosion by CFD method is summarized. The numerical simulation provides a new method for corrosion research, which coolers helpful o understand the mechanisms and root causes of the air cooler corrosion. It also provides a reliable theoretical basis for optimization of air coolers design and process corrosion prevention by CFC simulation calculation, determination of dew point location, analysis of air cooler erosion, determination of locations of the air cooler which are subject to corrosion and prediction of corrosion rate of the air cooler tubes. Recommendations of application of CFD in air cooler corrosion protection in petroleum refining industry are presented.%介绍了空冷器的腐蚀现状，分析了空冷器的主要腐蚀原因，即由HCl占主导的低温HCl-H2S—H2O体系腐蚀和流体冲刷腐蚀造成。对计算流体力学（CFD）方法在空冷器防腐蚀研究中的进展情况进行了总结，指出现有研究的优势与不足。CFD数值模拟为防腐蚀研究提供了一种新方法，有助于理解空冷器腐蚀的原因与机理，同时能够在腐蚀发生之前，通过CFD模拟计算，明确露点位置，分析空冷器的冲蚀规律，找出空冷器的最薄弱位置和预测管束的腐蚀速率，为优化空冷器设计及工艺防腐提供可靠的理论依据。并对CFD在炼油行业空冷器防腐蚀方面提出了建议。