加工海洋高酸原油常压蒸馏塔顶系统的腐蚀防护

摘要

通过对中海惠州炼油分公司常减压蒸馏装置常压蒸馏塔顶低温部位腐蚀产物和腐蚀介质进行研究，结合日常腐蚀监测和设备检修腐蚀调查结果，对海洋高酸原油加工过程中发生的常压蒸馏塔顶循换热器腐蚀泄漏，常压蒸馏塔顶管线及常顶油汽换热器的腐蚀进行研究。结果表明，腐蚀介质HCl和H2S主要来源于原油中的氯化物和硫化物在高温环境分解，提出了乙酸等小分子酸对金属设备具有较强的腐蚀破坏性，建议使用三条防护措施来控制海洋高酸原油对常减压装置低温部位的腐蚀。%The corrosion product and corrosive medium were investigated in low temperature section of overhead system of atmospheric distillation tower in atmospheric -vacuum distillation unit in CNOOC Huizhou Refining & Chemical Company. The corrosion leaking of overhead heat exchangers of atmospheric distillation tower and corrosions in overhead pipelines and overhead oil vapor heat exchangers of the tower were analyzed based upon the routine corrosion monitoring and results of investigation in equipment maintenance. The results showed that the corrosion medium of HCL and H2S mainly came from the chloride and sulfide pyrolysis at high temperature. The small -molecule acid such as acetic acid, etc has strong corrosion on steel equipment. Three protection measures are proposed for controlling the corrosion of offshore high - TAN crude oil on low - temperature section of crude unit.