油水乳状液转相点影响因素的实验研究

摘要

Because the flow resistance of water-oil emulsion near the phase inversion point is the highest,in order to avoid transporting the watercut crude oil near the phase inversion point,systematic study on influence factors of oil emulsion phase inversion point is very important to decrease energy consumption of transporting crude oil. In this experiment, influence of shear rate, temperature, different kinds of viscosity reducers on the phase inversion point was systematically studied by using HAAKE VT 550. And from the aspects of oil-water interface film state, molecular functional properties and the strength of forming chemical bond, the influence law was analyzed. The result shows that rising temperature or the shear rate can push water-oil emulsion phase inversion point forward. Different temperatures and different kinds of viscosity reducers can push the phase inversion point forward in different ranks; The more adding viscosity reducers, the more forward the phase inversion point can be, but when it reaches a certain amount, the phase inversion point is not forward any more.%由于油水乳状液在转相点处的流动阻力最大，为避免输送转相点附近的含水原油，系统的研究油水乳状液转相点的影响因素对于降低原油在输送过程中的能量损耗至关重要。利用HAAKE VT 550流变仪，研究了温度、剪切速率、加入不同剂量及不同种类降粘剂后对的原油乳状液转相点影响规律的实验研究，并从油水界面膜状态、分子官能团性质及形成化学键强度分析影响规律。实验结果表明，温度的升高、剪切速率的增加能使转相点提前；不同种类降粘剂在不同温度下对转相点的提前程度不同；加剂量越多其对转相点的提前程度越大，但当加剂量达到一定程度时，转相点不再提前。