两种减压渣油窄馏分性质与结构研究

摘要

对伊朗和沙轻两种减压渣油进行了超临界萃取分离，并对各自窄馏分的性质和结构进行了分析和表征。结果表明两种减渣中硫含量随着馏分变重均匀增加，而金属与残炭主要富集在萃余残渣中；为达到相同的萃取收率，伊朗减渣相比沙轻减渣需要更高的萃取压力，且伊朗减渣中硫与金属在重馏分富集程度更高，二次加工难度大。沙轻减渣杂质含量较低，芳碳率高，烷烃侧链少，相对容易二次加工。%Two typical residues were separated by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), properties and structures of the narrow fractions separated by SFE were analyzed and characterized. The results indicate that the sulfur content increases regularly as the fractions become heavier, while there are much more metals in the tail oil than that in other fractions. Compared to Saudi Arabia light residue, higher extraction pressure is needed for Iran residue in order to reach the same extraction yield. Furthermore, there are less impurities and higher aromatic carbon content in the Saudi Arabia light residue than that in the Iran residue, meanwhile, due to more sulfur and metal content accumulating in the Iran residue, its secondary processing is more difficult than Saudi Arabia light residue.