低渗储层微观非均质性强,微观孔隙结构高精度表征成为低渗油藏开发的难点.近年来,国内低渗储层微观孔隙结构的表征技术开始从定性向定量、二维向三维转变,出现了恒速压汞、核磁共振等定量表征技术和X-CT、FIB-SEM等三维重构技术.理论方面也有孔隙结构模拟和分形学的发展.在阅读大量文献的基础上,指出国内低渗储层微观孔隙结构高精度表征处于起步阶段,定量测试和三维重构技术应用还不广泛,孔隙结构模拟和分形理论研究还不深入,有限样品点测试结果难以延伸到整个储层微观孔隙结构的预测.未来低渗储层微观孔隙结构的精细表征主要在于定性和定量相结合、数字岩心和孔隙结构模拟相结合、恒速压汞技术和分形理论相结合等多种理论方法综合应用.%Since low-permeability reservoir possesses typical anisotropism at the micro level, high precision characterization of micro-pore structure has been the difficulty in low-permeability reservoir development. In recent years, domestic characterization techniques towards micro-pore structures in low-permeability reservoirs have transformed from qualitative analysis to quantitative analysis, from dimensional analysis to three dimension analysis. Rate-controlled Mercury Penetration and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) as well as X-CT, FIB-SEM have appeared. From theoretical view, there is also development in micro-pore structure simulation and fractal theory. On the basis of referring to lots of literature, it's pointed out that the research about high precision characterization of micro-pore structure in domestic low-permeability reservoir is in initial stage, quantitative measurement and three-dimensional reconstruction technique are not widely used. Similarly, another phenomenon is lack of intensive research on micro-pore structure simulation and fractal theory. Test results of limited sample points cannot be used as the basis to predict the total micro-pore structure in low-permeability reservoir. In the future, fine characterizations of micro-pore structures in low-permeability reservoirs are embodied in integrated application of various theoretical approaches, such as incorporating qualitative analysis into quantitative analysis, incorporating digital core into micro-pore structure simulation, as well as combining Rate-controlled Mercury Penetration with fractal theory.
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