基于模型的方法在软件测试领域的应用与发展

摘要

Along with the increasingly important role of software in today‟s society, during the development process of software or system, testing becomes more and more important. With the wide application of object-oriented technology and the demand of automation testing, model-based testing (MBT) approach have been approved by software engineering. Although there are a number of publications discussing model-based software testing, we are lack of technical papers and publications presenting a review of the current advances in model-based software testing and automation tools. The goal of this paper is to review the model-based testing approach, it first discusses the popular models used in model-based testing, the test case generation methods, the testing target. Then, it summarizes MBT practices and discusses and compares the major model-based test tools. Finally, the paper close ends with a discussion of the challenges of current MBT approach, and where model-based testing fits in the future.%伴随着软件在当今社会中扮演着日益重要的角色，在各类软件或系统的开发过程中，测试变得越来越重要。随着面向对象技术的广泛应用和软件测试自动化的要求，基于模型的测试(MBT)技术逐渐得到了软件开发和测试人员的认可和接受。尽管有许多国内出版物讨论了基于模型的测试技术，但还没有相关技术文章对 MBT 技术及工具的当前发展进行回顾与总结。文章对当前 MBT 技术的通用模型、测试用例生成方法、测试目标选择等MBT 方法进行回顾，并对基于模型的自动化测试工具、应用实践进行了概述。最后，探讨了 MBT 技术的未来发展与研究方向。