This paper study precision measurement of the part size based on image processing technology and analysis the key technical issues in—depth. Frist extract the edge position of parts with sub-pixel, to achieve the parts' dimensions measurement. Second, to measurement data for further processing according to the theory of error, in order to ensure the stability and accuracy of measurement data. Third, to overcome the causes of lens, fixture, light source, etc. causes image distortion, proposes a known multi —size parts as the reference to establish error distortion correction function, to achieve of improving the measurement accuracy. Experiments show the proposed method can effectively improve the detection accuracy. Measurement error can be controlled between in-0. 008mm and +0. 007mm with 0. 02402mm per pixels of the image scale factor.%基于图像处理技术对零件尺寸进行精密测量,并对关键技术问题进行深入研究；首先采用亚像素的方法对零件的边缘位置进行提取,实现对零件尺寸的测量；接着,根据误差理论对测量数据作进一步处理以保证测量数据的稳定性与正确性；为克服镜头、装夹、光源等原因造成的图像畸变,提出了用已知的多尺寸轴类零件为参照物,建立误差畸变校正函数的方法,对测量值进行误差修正以达到提高测量精度的目的；最终的测量实验表明所提出的方法能够有效地提高检测精度,在图像比例系数为0.02402 mm/像素的条件下,测最误差控制在-0.008 mm～+0.007 mm之间.
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