Ka频段飞行器测控与通信系统设计

摘要

传统基于S频段的统一载波测控通信系统受工作频率低、占用频带窄的特点限制,无法满足现代及未来飞行器测控与通信系统对于高速数传、通信带宽、安装空间、克服“黑障”及抗干扰性等方面日益增长的需求,提出一种Ka频段直接序列扩频体制的飞行器测控与通信系统以解决上述问题;利用Ka频段频带宽、空间选择性好、减小“黑障”影响等特点,同时采用直接序列扩频通信体制实现遥测、外测和遥控等不同功能点频统一和信道统一,简化系统结构、减小设备体积;介绍了系统架构及主要设备组成,阐述了基带数据综合设备、Ka频段一体化终端设备等单机的详细设计及天线的选择,并给出了地面测试系统方案;该系统具备体积小、频带宽、扩展性好等特点,可满足未来飞行器测控与通信系统的设计与应用需求.%Traditional S-band-based unified carrier measurement control and communication system limited by the low working frequency and narrow bandwidth can not meet the increasing requirements of modern and future spacecraft measurement control and communication system for high-speed data transmission,communication bandwidth,installation space,overcoming blackout,anti-interference,etc.This paper put forward a Ka-band direct sequence spread spectrum system spacecraft control and communication system,which has the characteristics of narrow band,good space selecting and blackout overcoming,to solve the above problems by the point frequency and channel unity of telemetry,orbit measurement system and remote control,simplifying the system structure and reducing equipment size.The system architecture and the main equipment of the system are introduced,the detailed design of the data acquisition equipment,Ka-band integrated terminal equipment and the selection of the antenna feeder equipment are described,and the ground test system is presented.The system has the characteristics of small size,wide bandwidth and good expansibility,which can meet the requirements of the design and application of future spacecraft measurement control and communication system.