我国煤层气钻井技术及装备现状与展望

摘要

结合煤层气钻井经验及钻井项目调研,总结了煤层气钻井技术与装备现状,空气钻井、复合钻井、精确对接、地质导向、屏蔽暂堵、欠平衡钻井等先进技术,以及高低搭配的浅层油气井钻机与全液压车载钻机、无线随钻测量系统与地质导向系统等钻井装备的研究和推广应用,提高了钻井效率,推动了煤层气产业的发展,为煤矿安全生产提供了重要保障.以降低煤层气开发综合成本为目标,阐述了快速移动钻井装备研发应用、国产地质导向技术与装备研究与推广、煤储层伤害控制技术推广应用、区域适应性优快钻井技术研究与完善、地面井下联合抽采钻井技术不断探索应用等是下一阶段煤层气钻井技术与装备的发展方向.%According to the current exploration and development of coalbed methane (CBM) in China,based on the experience in CBM drilling and investigation on the recent CBM projects,the present status of CBM drilling technique and equipment was analyzed.The analysis indicates that the CBM drilling technique system has been formed,including vertical well drilling technique whose cores are air drilling and combined drilling technologies,cluster well drilling technique whose core is directional drilling,horizontal well drilling technique whose core is Geo-steering technology and the gas reservoir damage controlling technique whose cores are underbalanced drilling technology and shielding temporary plugging technology.The drilling equipment system has been formed as well,which mainly includes shallow oil and gas rigs,full-hydraulic mobile rigs,wireless measurement system while drilling and Geo-steering system.The future development direction of CBM drilling technique and equipment was then stated along which fast mobile drilling equipment,domestic Geo-steering technique and equipment,coal reservoir damage controlling technique,optimal and fast drilling technique with regional adaptability and well drilling technique associated with combined CBM drainage by both surface and underground boreholes should be studied,used and popularized to meet the goals of lowering the total cost of CBM development.