山西富东煤矿水害类型分析及其防治建议

摘要

The main mineable coal seams in the Fudong coalmine have Nos.8, 9, 12, 15U and 15L, all belong to the Upper Carbonifer-ous Taiyuan Formation. In recent years, along with mining depth deepening, mine water disaster increasing, seriously threatened work-ing face personnel and safe production. Taking the mine inflow source and water conducted channel as the partition principle, divided Fudong coalmine (after integrated) confronted water disaster type into five types of gob area and neighboring coalmine ponding, aquifer water bursting, shattered fault zone water bursting, karstic subsided column and surface water body water bursting and analyzed charac-teristics of each water disaster type and their impact extent on coalmine safe working. Considered that during the coal mining, water conducted zone directly contacts Quaternary loose beds strong aquifer or shattered fault zone because of improper supporting;rainy sea-son surface runoff in ravines, groundwater in various aquifers and overlying gob area ponding will be hydraulically linked together through water conducted structure such as faults and subsided columns and threaten coalmines. Finally the author pointed out mine wa-ter control stresses and corresponding water control advices put forward.%富东煤矿主采煤层为石炭系上统太原组8、9、12、15上、15下号煤。近年来，随着开采水平的不断延伸，矿井水害日益呈现，对采掘工作面人员及安全生产构成威胁。以涌水水源与导水通道为划分原则，将整合后的富东煤矿面临的水害类型划分为采（古）空区及相邻矿井开采积水水害、含水层突水水害、断层破碎带突水水害、岩溶陷落柱水害以及地表水体突水水害，并分析了各种水害类型特点及其对煤矿安全生产的影响程度，认为在煤层开采过程中，导水裂隙带直接进入第四系松散强含水体或断层破碎带，若支护不当，雨季沟谷中的地表径流、各种含水层中地下水以及上覆煤层采空区积水都会通过断层及陷落柱等导水构造发生水力联系，对矿井造成威胁。指出了矿井水害防治重点，并提出了相应的防治水建议。