Neogene basins are well developed with abundant lignite resources in the Yunnan Province. From plate tectonics and litho-sphere dynamics points of view, with an eye to tectonic activity setting, start from analysis of relationship among basin basement struc-tures, synsedimentary activities and coal-accumulation period sedimentation, analyzed geological structure and formation characteristics of Neogene basins, studied basin-forming mechanism and genetic types. Neogene basins were intermontane formed with narrow extent, near source area of denudation, sedimentary system associations mainly have alluvial fan-swamp and alluvial fan-lake. According to different stress field causing the basin formation, basin sedimentary characteristics, basin controlling structure and tectonic setting, the basin genesis can be divided into four categories and ten types:tensional fractured and extended basins (thermal swell, extensional rift types);compressive depressed basins (depression and fault depression types);strike-slip basins (wedge and divergent types) and compos-ite basins (strike-slip-fault depression, strike-slip-compressive fracture, compressive uplift-tensional fracture and tensional frac-ture-fault depression types).%云南新生代盆地发育，褐煤资源丰富。运用板块构造和岩石圈动力学的理论观点，从区域大地构造活动背景着眼，自盆地基底构造、同沉积活动与聚煤期沉积关系分析入手，对云南新近纪盆地地质构造及建造特征进行分析，探索了新近纪聚煤盆地的成盆机制、成因类型。研究认为新近纪盆地成盆于山间，范围狭窄，近物源剥蚀区，沉积体系组合以冲积扇-沼泽及冲积扇-湖泊体系为主。依据引起盆地形成的不同性质应力场、盆地沉积特征与控盆构造及区域构造背景，将盆地成因类型划分为张裂伸展盆地（热隆张裂型、伸展裂陷型）、压陷盆地（坳陷型、断坳型）、走滑盆地（楔型、离散型）、复合盆地（走滑-断坳型、走滑-压裂型、压隆-张裂型、张裂-断坳型）四类十型。
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